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Name	NegativePropertyAssertions
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Author(s)
SubmittedBy	OlafNoppens

Description

Motivation	The motivation of this pattern is to model negative property assertions (NPAs) in ontology languages such as OWL 1 [1] that do not provide a special constructor for expressing it. It is worth mentioning that not all knowledge base systems can be migrated to OWL 2 [2] for several reasons. On the other hand, NPAs modeled according to this pattern can be migrated to OWL 2 using the newly introduced constructor. A negative property assertion as defined in the upcoming OWL 2 states that a given individual i is never connected to a given individual j by a given property expression P. In other words, asserting that i is connected to j by P results in an inconsistent ontology. In this sense this assertion can be considered as a constraint that should not be violated. In contrast, considering an ontology where it cannot be inferred that i is connected to j by P does not necessarily mean that there cannot be such a connection - in fact, it is merely not modeled. [1] Patel-Schneider, P.F., Hayes, P., Horrocks, I.: OWL Web Ontology Language Semantics and Abstract Syntax, W3C Recommendation 10 February 2004. [2] Motik, B., Patel-Schneider, P.F., Parsia, B.: OWL 2 Structural Speciﬁcation and Functional-Style Syntax. W3C Candidate Recommendation 11 June 2009, 2009.
Aim	Expressing NPAs in ontologies prior to OWL 2 as well as given an transformation rule when using OWL 2.
Solution description	NegativeObjectPropertyAssertion(i1 prop i2) is equivalent to: SubClassOf(ObjectOneOf(i1), ObjectComplementOf(ObjectSomeValuesFrom(prop, ObjectOneOf(i2)))))
Elements	Individiual i1 Individual i2 ObjectProperty prop
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	Submission to event WOP2009:Main